O‘ZBEKISTONDA ISLOMIY SUG‘URTA (TAKAFUL) TIZIMINI JORIY ETISH IMKONIYATLARI: NAZARIYQIYOSIY TAHLIL
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https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.20848372##article.subject##:
islomiy sug‘urta (Islamic insurance), takaful, o‘zaro yordam (ta’awun), tabarru (xayriya badali), mudoraba, vakola, surplus taqsimoti, g‘arar (noaniqlik), retakaful, moliyaviy inklyuzivlik, sug‘urta qamrovi.##article.abstract##
Ushbu maqolada an’anaviy sug‘urta va islomiy sug‘urta (takaful) tizimlari nazariy-qiyosiy nuqtai nazardan
tahlil qilinadi hamda O‘zbekistonda takaful tizimini joriy etish imkoniyatlari o‘rganiladi. Tadqiqotning asosiy g‘oyasi shundan
iboratki, har ikkala tizim ham xavflarni boshqarish (risk management) funksiyasini bajaradi, biroq xavfni o‘tkazish
(risk transfer) va xavfni bo‘lishish (risk sharing) tamoyillari, shuningdek, shartnoma tuzilmasi nuqtai nazaridan bir-biridan
sezilarli darajada farq qiladi. An’anaviy sug‘urtada xavf sug‘urta kompaniyasiga muayyan mukofot evaziga o‘tkaziladi,
takaful tizimida esa ishtirokchilar o‘zaro yordam (ta’awun) tamoyili asosida umumiy jamg‘armaga badal (tabarru) kiritib,
xavflarni birgalikda bo‘lishadilar. Maqolada riba, g‘arar va maysir kabi shar’iy taqiqlar, mudoraba va vakola operatsion
modellari hamda surplus (ortiqcha mablag‘)ni taqsimlash mexanizmi tahlil qilinadi. Shuningdek, jahon takaful bozori 2024-
yilda turli baholashlarga ko‘ra 33–52 milliard AQSh dollari hajmiga yetgani, yiliga o‘rtacha 11–15 foiz sur’atlarda o‘sayotgani
va uning qariyb 85 foizi Fors ko‘rfazi mamlakatlari hissasiga to‘g‘ri kelishi, shuningdek, O‘zbekistonda 2026-yil iyun
oyida “Islomiy bank faoliyati to‘g‘risida”gi Qonunning kuchga kirishi bilan bog‘liq amaliy imkoniyatlar muhokama qilinadi.
Tadqiqot natijalari takaful tizimining O‘zbekistonda sug‘urta qamrovini (insurance penetration) kengaytirish va moliyaviy
inklyuzivlikni mustahkamlash bo‘yicha muhim salohiyatga ega ekanligini ko‘rsatadi
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