PHYSIOLOGICAL CHANGES IN THE HEART IN ATHLETES OF DIFFERENT SPORTS

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This article analyzes the physiological changes occurring in the heart of athletes engaged in various types
of sports activities. Depending on the nature, intensity, and duration of physical load, structural and functional adaptations
in the cardiovascular system are observed. The paper discusses the concept of the “athlete’s heart,” types of cardiac
remodeling in endurance and strength sports, and the mechanisms of adaptation at the cellular and systemic levels.
Special attention is paid to the morphological differences in the myocardium, cardiac output, stroke volume, and heart
rate in athletes of aerobic and anaerobic disciplines. The study highlights the importance of distinguishing physiological
cardiac hypertrophy from pathological changes and underscores the role of regular medical monitoring in maintaining
athletes’ cardiovascular health