O'ZBEKISTONDA TASHQI SAVDO VA LOGISTIKA INFRATUZILMASINI TAKOMILLASHTIRISH ORQALI AGROEKSPORTNI DIVERSIFIKATSIYA QILISH: QOVUN EKSPORTINING YEVROPA ITTIFOQI BOZORLARIGA CHIQISH IMKONIYATLARI
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.21968864Ключевые слова:
tashqi savdo, logistika infratuzilmasi, agroeksport, eksport diversifikatsiyasi, qovun eksporti, Yevropa Ittifoqi, Germaniya bozori, Herfindahl–Hirschman indeksi, regressiya tahlili, sovuq logistika, transport koridorlari.Аннотация
Mazkur maqolada O‘zbekistonda tashqi savdo va transport-logistika infratuzilmasini takomillashtirish orqali
agroeksport geografiyasini diversifikatsiya qilish imkoniyatlari qovun eksporti misolida tadqiq etilgan. O‘zbekiston qovun
eksportining amaldagi geografik tarkibi, uning ayrim an’anaviy bozorlarga bog‘liqligi hamda Yevropa Ittifoqi, xususan,
Germaniya bozoriga kirish istiqbollari baholangan. Tadqiqotda iqtisodiy-statistik, qiyosiy va tarkibiy tahlil usullari, Herfindahl–
Hirschman indeksi (HHI) hamda oddiy chiziqli regressiya modelidan foydalanilgan. Hisob-kitoblar 2019–2025-yillarda
qovun eksporti konsentratsiyasining ayrim yillarda yuqori darajada saqlanib qolganini ko‘rsatgan. Regressiya tahliliga
ko‘ra, Germaniya bozorining qovun eksportidagi ulushi bilan umumiy eksport hajmi o‘rtasida ijobiy va statistik jihatdan
ahamiyatli bog‘liqlik aniqlangan (β = 2,2202; R² = 0,787; p = 0,0077). Natijalarga ko‘ra, Germaniya bozoridagi ulushning
1 foiz punktga oshishi umumiy qovun eksporti hajmining o‘rtacha 2,2 foizga ko‘payishi bilan bog‘liq. Tadqiqotda eksportni
diversifikatsiya qilish uchun sovuq logistika zanjirlarini rivojlantirish, multimodal transport yo‘nalishlarini kengaytirish,
GLOBALG.A.P. va Yevropa Ittifoqi standartlarini joriy etish, elektron fitosanitariya tizimini takomillashtirish, Germaniyada
distribyutorlik markazlarini tashkil etish hamda sun’iy intellekt asosidagi “Aqlli eksport” platformasini yaratish taklif etilgan
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