ANALYTICAL MODELING AND MATLAB-BASED SIMULATION OF A LINEAR ELECTROMAGNETIC ENERGY HARVESTER WITH A TOROIDAL MAGNETIC CORE
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.19651432Ключевые слова:
toroidal magnetic core, linear electromagnetic generator, mechanical energy harvesting, magnetic circuit analysis and modeling, electromagnetic induction principles, magnetic flux coupling, reluctance-based evaluation, induced electromotive force (EMF), parameter-based performance analysis, low-frequency energy applications, coil design optimization, output power enhancement strategiesАннотация
In recent years, the efficient utilization of low-frequency mechanical energy sources has attracted considerable
attention in renewable energy research and the development of self-powered systems [1][2]. One of the promising
methods for converting ambient mechanical energy into electrical energy is electromagnetic energy harvesting based on
linear motion mechanisms [3][6]. However, traditional linear electromagnetic generators, which are typically designed with
open magnetic circuits or cylindrical cores, experience significant magnetic flux leakage, resulting in reduced conversion
efficiency.
In this study, a new linear electromagnetic energy harvesting module based on a slotted toroidal magnetic core structure
is proposed. This design improves magnetic flux confinement and enhances overall induction efficiency. A detailed
mathematical model of the system is developed by integrating magnetic circuit theory, principles of electromagnetic
induction, and electrical load analysis. The magnetic flux distribution is represented as a function of the magnet’s position,
while an analytical expression for the induced electromotive force (EMF) is derived by considering the relative motion
between the magnet and the coil.
In addition, the effects of key parameters such as air-gap length, number of coil turns, magnet velocity, and load resistance
on output voltage and generated power are thoroughly analyzed. The optimal conditions for maximum power transfer
are also determined analytically. The results indicate that the toroidal magnetic core configuration effectively minimizes
magnetic flux leakage and significantly improves energy conversion efficiency compared to conventional designs. The
proposed model provides a theoretical basis for the design and optimization of high-performance linear electromagnetic
energy harvesting systems, particularly for low-frequency energy applications.
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