Feasibility study and site optimization for small hydropower plants along the syr darya river in Uzbekistan

Abstract

This research explores the technical and economic feasibility of deploying small hydropower plants (SHPs) along
the Syr Darya River in Uzbekistan as a sustainable energy solution. In light of Uzbekistan’s growing energy demand and
commitment to renewable energy development, the study aims to identify optimal sites for SHP construction and estimate
their potential electricity generation. The methodology integrates hydrological data analysis, GIS-based spatial mapping,
and energy output calculations using standard engineering formulas. Key parameters such as river flow rate, elevation
gradient, and environmental constraints were assessed to select technically viable locations. Six promising sites were
identified across the Namangan and Andijan regions, each meeting essential SHP design criteria. Estimated capacities
range between 250 kW and 1.5 MW per plant, with a total annual generation potential of approximately 7.8 GWh. The
proposed systems are expected to have relatively short payback periods and low environmental impact compared to
large-scale hydroelectric projects. The findings demonstrate the significant role SHPs can play in Uzbekistan’s green
energy transition, particularly in supplying clean electricity to remote and rural communities. Moreover, the study provides
a replicable methodological framework for future SHP assessments in other regions of Central Asia. It contributes to the
strategic planning of decentralized renewable energy infrastructure and supports the country’s long-term sustainable
development goals.